Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(4): 30 - 33.

Joob B, Joob S.. Editorial Oversight, AI Misconceptions, and Unfounded Retraction Threats: A Case Study of an International Journal (Ga- San--). Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(4): 30 - 33. ABSTRACT This case study examines a recent incident involving Ga- San-- journal, where the editorial board issued a letter to an author raising concerns about the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in two published letters to the editor, despite the fact that these articles were published in 2018 and 2020—years before AI tools like ChatGPT were available. The letter implied potential misconduct based on the authors' prolific publication record and the possibility of AI-generated content. This action, without substantiated evidence, highlights issues of editorial competence, bias, and unethical behavior in academic publishing. The study discusses the implications for the journal’s reputation, the risks to authors, and provides recommendations for improving editorial standards and practices. Keywords: Editorial Ethics, Retraction Threats, Artificial Intelligence, Academic Publishing, Editorial Oversight

Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(3): 27 - 29.

Li R, Li F. Unexplained Headache Due to Excessive Coffee Drinking: A Case Report. Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(3): 27 - 29. ABSTRACT Caffeine, a central nervous system stimulant found in coffee, is widely consumed around the world. While moderate caffeine intake is generally considered safe, excessive consumption can lead to a variety of symptoms, including headaches. This case report presents a 45-year-old male with a history of frequent, unexplained headaches that were later attributed to excessive coffee consumption. The patient had been drinking more than six cups of coffee per day for several months, leading to significant caffeine-related symptoms, including headaches, insomnia, and irritability. Upon reducing caffeine intake, the patient experienced complete resolution of symptoms. This case highlights the need for healthcare providers to consider caffeine toxicity as a potential cause of unexplained headaches, especially in individuals with high coffee consumption. Keywords: Caffeine toxicity, Headache, Coffee, Excessive consumption, Caffeine withdrawal

Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(3): 23 - 26.

Li R, Li F. First Diagnosis of Celiac Disease in a Chinese Descent Patient with Unexplained Abdominal Pain After Intake of Unmilled Rice: A Case Report. Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(3): 23 - 26. ABSTRACT Celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals, is commonly diagnosed in populations of European descent. However, its presentation in non-European populations, particularly in Asia, remains rare and often under-recognized 1 - 5. This case report describes the first diagnosis of celiac disease in a Chinese patient with an ancestral background of Western descent. The patient, a 38-year-old female, presented with persistent, unexplained abdominal pain after consuming unmilled rice, a common food in her local diet. Despite a lack of typical Western risk factors for celiac disease, such as family history or prior diagnosis, genetic testing revealed the presence of HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 alleles, confirming the diagnosis. This report highlights the need for heightened awareness and consideration of celiac disease in diverse ethnic populations, particularly when patients present with unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms after gluten consumption. Keywords: Celiac disease, Chinese descent, Abdominal pain, Gluten intolerance, HLA-DQ2

Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(3): 19 - 22.

Sant K, Sant R. Abnormal Urine Color Due to Consumption of Locally Made Herbal Regimen: A Case Report. Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(3): 19 - 22. ABSTRACT Herbal remedies are commonly used worldwide for their perceived health benefits, particularly in traditional medicine. However, their consumption can sometimes lead to unexpected adverse effects, including changes in urine color. We present the case of a 45-year-old female who developed dark-colored urine after consuming a locally made herbal regimen. The patient reported drinking a concoction of various herbs purchased from a local market, following recommendations for improving general health. Upon examination, her urine was found to be dark brown, with no history of hematuria or associated pain. Laboratory investigations, including a urinalysis, revealed myoglobinuria, suggesting that muscle damage was the cause of the discolored urine. Further investigations revealed that the herbal regimen contained St. John's Wort, a herb known to potentially cause rhabdomyolysis in some individuals. After discontinuing the herbal regimen and receiving supportive care, the patient’s urine color normalized, and her muscle enzymes returned to baseline. This case highlights the potential dangers of unregulated herbal medicines, especially those with unknown ingredients and unmonitored production practices. Health practitioners should be cautious about advising or prescribing such treatments without awareness of their possible side effects. Keywords: Herbal regimen, Abnormal urine color, Myoglobinuria, Rhabdomyolysis, St. John's Wort

Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(2): 16 - 18.

Sant K, Sant R. Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency - First Diagnosed in Elderly Life Due to Unexplained Low Hemoglobin: A Case Report. Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(2): 16 - 18. ABSTRACT Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a hereditary enzyme disorder that commonly manifests in infancy or early childhood, often precipitated by oxidative stress from infections, certain drugs, or food. However, in rare cases, it may remain undiagnosed until later in life. This case report presents a 72-year-old male with no previous history of hemolysis, who was diagnosed with G6PD deficiency after presenting with unexplained low hemoglobin and recurrent anemia. Initial laboratory investigations ruled out common causes such as iron deficiency or chronic disease, and further testing revealed the G6PD deficiency after a reticulocyte count and G6PD enzyme activity test were performed. The patient’s hemolysis was triggered by unidentified oxidative stress, and he responded well to supportive care. This case highlights the need for clinicians to consider G6PD deficiency in the differential diagnosis of unexplained anemia in elderly individuals, especially in those with recurrent episodes of low hemoglobin and no apparent cause. Early recognition can guide treatment decisions and prevent complications related to oxidative stress. Keywords: G6PD deficiency, Anemia, Elderly, Hemolysis

Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(2): 13 - 15.

Daungsupawong S, Daungsupaong R. Typhoid Fever Presenting with Abnormal Urination: A Case Report. Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(2): 13 - 15. ABSTRACT Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, is a systemic infection that typically presents with prolonged fever, abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal symptoms. However, rare and atypical presentations can occur, leading to diagnostic challenges. This case report describes a 32-year-old male who presented with a 7-day history of fever, abdominal discomfort, and abnormal urination characterized by dysuria and hematuria. Laboratory tests confirmed a diagnosis of typhoid fever through positive blood culture for Salmonella Typhi. The patient’s abnormal urination was likely secondary to typhoid-induced systemic inflammation, which may have contributed to urinary tract irritation and hematuria. He was successfully treated with appropriate antibiotics and showed complete resolution of both systemic and urinary symptoms. This case underscores the importance of considering typhoid fever in the differential diagnosis of urinary symptoms, especially in endemic areas, as atypical presentations may delay the correct diagnosis. Keywords: Typhoid fever, abnormal urination, dysuria

Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(2): 9 – 12.

Daungsupawong S, Daungsupaong R. Case Report: Dengue Fever Presenting with Excessive Menstruation. Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(2): 9 – 12. ABSTRACT Dengue fever, a viral illness transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, is typically characterized by fever, headache, muscle aches, and rash. While classic symptoms are well-documented, atypical presentations can occasionally occur. This case report describes a 28-year-old female who presented to a private clinic with a 5-day history of fever, headache, and excessive menstrual bleeding as the primary complaint. Laboratory tests confirmed acute dengue infection with thrombocytopenia, and a rapid dengue test was positive for NS1 antigen. Menorrhagia in this patient was attributed to dengue-induced thrombocytopenia and increased vascular fragility. This case highlights the importance of considering dengue fever in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with unexplained excessive menstruation, particularly in endemic areas. Although menorrhagia is not commonly reported in dengue, the vascular changes associated with the disease may contribute to bleeding complications. Early recognition and appropriate management are crucial to prevent progression to severe forms such as dengue hemorrhagic fever. Keywords: Dengue fever, Menorrhagia, Thrombocytopenia

Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(1): 6 – 8.

Buala D. Uncovering Hidden Conflicts of Interest in Published Articles: The Case of COVID-19 Vaccine Recommendations. Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(1): 6 – 8. ABSTRACT This article examines the issue of conflicts of interest in published articles. The new sort of conflict of interest in today's extensively used social media environment is something fresh to be noticed. The highlighted case, “Lataster” case, is a problematic case published in a clinical assessment publication by a non-MD author who authored and suggested/recommended the use of COVID-19 vaccine. This author has a hidden non-disclosed conflict of interest a business owner of a website blog that exposes anti-COVID-19 vaccination reactions. Keywords: Conflict of interest, journal, publication, ethic

Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(1): 3 - 4.

Sran D. Gastrointestinal bleeding due to enteric fever. Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(1): 3 - 5. ABSTRACT Enteric fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serovar typhi and Salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi, is a systemic bacterial infection. Symptoms include fever, headache, malaise, changes in bowel habits, and abdominal pain. Blood culture is typically used to diagnose the infection. Complications can include gastrointestinal issues such as bleeding and perforation. In this case, a 33-year-old male presented with lower gastrointestinal bleeding as a complication of enteric fever. He was treated with antibiotics and other medications, and ultimately recovered well. Enteric fever is a significant public health concern in developing countries, and early treatment is essential to prevent complications. Keywords: enteric fever, gastrointestinal, bleeding

Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(1): 1 – 2.

Dungsupawong H. Ethical dilemma in the journal retraction process. Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(1): 1 – 2. ABSTRACT This abstract discusses the retraction of an article in the journal J Eval Clin Pract, highlighting concerns about ethics and communication within the editorial team. The retraction process was initiated without prior communication from the Editor in Chief, raising questions about transparency and accountability. The article in question was a comment that passed standard review and had no ethical violations, but was retracted due to pressure from the publisher related to the primary author's behavior on social media. The primary article being criticized had its own ethical issues, yet no action was taken against it. This suggests a lack of fairness in the retraction process and calls for greater transparency and consistency moving forward. The focus should be on addressing ethical issues in published articles rather than targeting authors for engaging in social media discussions. Key words: ethic, dilemma, retraction, process

Case Study and Case Report 2023; 13(4): 40 – 43.

Dungsupawong H. Ethical dilemma in the journal retraction process. Case Study and Case Report 2024; 14(1): 1 – 2. ABSTRACT This abstract discusses the retraction of an article in the journal J Eval Clin Pract, highlighting concerns about ethics and communication within the editorial team. The retraction process was initiated without prior communication from the Editor in Chief, raising questions about transparency and accountability. The article in question was a comment that passed standard review and had no ethical violations, but was retracted due to pressure from the publisher related to the primary author's behavior on social media. The primary article being criticized had its own ethical issues, yet no action was taken against it. This suggests a lack of fairness in the retraction process and calls for greater transparency and consistency moving forward. The focus should be on addressing ethical issues in published articles rather than targeting authors for engaging in social media discussions." Key words: ethic, dilemma, retraction, process